I have two colonies of mice a 1:2 ratio and 1:3, I don't take the males out because I need more feeders. From what I observed the males seem to protect the babies. I have one tank 1:3 with three adult females (2 pregnant), young adult male and female (pregnant), three hoppers, 7 fuzzies. I recently culled some of the fuzzies and an older male. I have an older female very fat never has babies, but she takes great care of the babies, so I leave her in there. I left the males in to begin with because I read the females will often kill a male if he is new to them or it will take longer for them to become pregnant. It took my colonies about two months to really get going and established. Especially if you need feeders leave the male there, chances are if he is in when the female has her babies she will be pregnant before you take him out, JMHO, susan