What is your goal? Are you trying to impregnate as many females as possible or produce as many rats as possible? The two may not be one in the same.
I keep mine at 1.3 with the male in all the time. I have found this is what will produce the most rats possible. The problem comes when you have a male, 3 females, and 30 babies about ready to wean. This is the number your cage has to house. If you allow the babies to grow to 4 weeks like most do, then your females will be giving birth before you wean the first batch. Now you have one male, 3 females, 30 weaners, and 30 pups. That’s 64 rats in your cage. This is if you have a ratio of 1:3.
I have found that if you rotate the male between females, it is better for the female’s longevity, but they spend a lot of time with no babies and are therefore less productive. I have chosen to replace my female breeders more often in favor of producing more rats.
I think the male could probably keep 20 females fat and happy if that is your goal. It would take a rather large cage