Snakespeare said:
Observation depends upon seeing things, by definition. Analysis is a way of interpreting what one observes or sees--it is not a process that is synonymous with the mode of sensory apprehension alone. If we both go to an art museum and look at a painting, we may or may not agree on how to analyze it, not only because of how we observe it, but because a complex set of other associations and rational processes that are unique to our own experiences and ideas. Copernicus didn't observe things differently--he applied mathematics in a new way to what everyone observed and provided a new context for understanding those observations.
Well, yes. But all science, all theories start with observation. We observe something happening (Or not happening) and then look closer and analyze deeper to try to understand it. But the five senses are all we have and sight, taste, touch, sound and smell all fit under the title 'observation'.
We're not really disagreeing with each other, but I think what's happening is that you think I'm implying all science is is seeing something and making up an explanation for it. I'm not. I'm saying science is based upon our observations of our physical world.
I'll skip point two since we seem to agree, though its relevance tends to hinge upon point three, about which you are correct: I'm calling into question the idea of basing or establishing truths (or however close one can ever come to the truth) on anything other than reason. And this is perhaps where we may need to part ways. No, science cannot with 100% certainty prove that a god doesn't exist. But it also cannot prove that Santa Clause doesn't exist, and therein lies the problem. As Carl Sagan said, "extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence." If I were to declare here and now that a unicorn just walked into my room and told me that Tampa Bay was going to win the World Series, I would have to produce some pretty powerful evidence to prove this (on both counts--maybe more on the latter). To say that reason and the logical precision demanded by rational debate do not apply to religion is to depart from the logical basis of rational debate. If one is secure in one's faith, why bother debating the infidels at all, since rational debate has no legitimacy or relevance in establishing the validity of what constitutes truth in the realm of faith and spiritual matters?
Well, then why even acknowledge that religion exists? Well, I assume you do because of the far reaching effects it has on society. Besides, most religions call for the spreading of the 'word' so to speak, so you're going to have to deal with them at some point. And if you think that believing what is factual instead of fantastical is better for us, then in order to convince them you're going to have to approach them on a level that isn't immediately telling them they're stupid. So acknowledging their faith as something that is very real and very important to them is, well, important.
Besides, if you claimed that a unicorn walked into your room and said that Tampa Bay was gonna win the world series, I wouldn't believe you. I may say you're foolish or crazy. However, unless
you want me to also believe in this unicorn there is no need for proof. You're convinced. Who cares what I think?
The only time someone who is religious has a burden of proof is when they're trying to proselytize. Or influence governmental policy. The fact that some attempt to do this without respecting that burden of proof is not representative of the fallacies of belief, but the fallacies of that person.
My final comments were not directed at you, but at the consequences of this way of thinking. Why should scientific ideas be subject to being disproved (and correctly so), but religious ideas not? Simply because they are based on religious texts that have been deemed by church bureaucracies to be "true"? The fact that you say these texts "are supposed to be absolute truth" is an equivocation, as is your statement: "At every point does religion lay claim to truth." That's precisely the point. People suppose them to be true, and they claim them to be true. But this is an immensely weaker way of establishing truth than in science, where claims to truth (or somewhere near the ballpark of truth) depend on facts and rigorous experimentation.
And I again content that science cannot establish truth. Ever. Truth is an absolute and science specifically avoids absolutes because of the dangers of dogma. What happens when science begins to fall into the pitfalls of groupthink, dogmatic thinking and the dangers of expectation? Well, stuff like the Piltdown man. Science eventually proved the hoax, but not until after decades of theories had been affected by the hoax.
As far as religious ideas subjected to being disproved, they are, in a way. However, this is where I say that science and religion are unrelated. You can't go to a believer and say "There is no unequivocal evidence for the existence of God, therefore, God does not exist" and expect them to go "Wow, you're right, I never thought of that!" Belief is absolutely subjective and someone's reasons for belief could be purely emotional. This does not invalidate their beliefs, but rather, makes it so their reasons for belief can not be used as reasons for any one else to believe. (I'll continue this in the next section).
Again, if you want to say that the conventions of logic and rational debate don't apply to religion, that's fine. But in doing so you're saying that religion is irrational and illogical. And if the "truths" you're talking about are purely spiritual truths (which are subjective, and unable to be verified by reason and logic), they have little to do with the truths of the temporal world that most of us have in mind.
Religion IS, by definition, illogical. There's no way around that. However, there's obviously something going on if religion is so common. Not to say that's evidence of God's existence, but rather, that religion is doing something, filling some role for the people who believe. If these people can engage in a rational discussion about their faith then they would acknowledge that their faith cannot be proven. However, if you can get over your prejudice about believers then you'll acknowledge that their faith is based on something that occurred in their lives. While their reasoning is objectively irrational and illogical, to them
it makes sense, which is why you can't simply say "No proof = no God". They have enough proof of their own, which may not be able to be expressed, to justify their belief.
Occam's Razor doesn't really work for something that is primarily an emotional reaction. How many people here are married/in a long term relationship and have said "Why did s/he do that? It makes NO sense!" I would imagine all of you. Because people don't act with pure logic and reason. Even atheists can be irrational. It's a part of the human condition.
Which is probably a good thing. Being coldly logical results in many of the inhumanities we perpetrate on ourselves. Religion also serves as a unifier for many peoples, despite the sectarian conflicts that also come out of it. A lot of the humanitarian work that goes on in the world today is done by religious organizations. People who are alone, or in need of emotional support find acceptance and belonging in religion.
The immediate response to that, I expect, is reference to the atrocities committed in the name of God, the wars fought over religion throughout history. I believe that humans are humans and we don't change. My claim is that religion ultimately is an
irrelevant factor in the larger scale of overall human interaction. I point to the atheist communist states who oppress and the wars fought over ideology, resources and greed as examples of this. I point to the tangles alliances that pulled the world into a conflict in WW1 and the imperialism of Nazi Germany as the cause of WW2 as evidence of this claim.
One last question, Snakespeare - would you support the outright banning of religion? If not, why not?