I use a medicine measuring cup to mix it up. For one, use approx. 1/2 TSP, 2.5 CC, 2.5 ML or 1/8 FL OZ, my cup has all of those. That is including the water, not just the powder. I pretty much do it by eye and don't pay attention to the marks on the bottle, after you've made some up a few times, you shouldn't have to either. You'll want to add the water slowly, too runny and they won't eat it, too thick and it dries out too fast. However, a bit too watery is better than too dry, it will be about the perfect consistency the next day. It will also thicken up a bit on it's own after a few minutes. Hope that helps!